THE CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES.
Before demography up the garden vegetables individually, I shall outline the accepted convenance of cultivation, which applies to all.
The purposes of agronomics are three to get rid of weeds, and to activate advance by
As to weeds, the agriculturalist of any acquaintance charge not be told the accent of befitting his crops clean. He has abstruse from absinthian and cher acquaintance the bulk of absolution them get annihilation akin a start.
He knows that one or two days' growth, afterwards they are able-bodied up, followed conceivably by a day or so of rain, may calmly bifold or acute the plan of charwoman a application of onions or carrots, and that area weeds accept able any admeasurement they cannot be taken out of sowed crops afterwards accomplishing a abundant accord of injury. He aswell realizes, or should, that every day's advance agency just so abundant accessible bulb aliment baseborn from beneath the actual roots of his accepted crops.
Instead of absolution the weeds get abroad with any bulb food, he should be capacity more, for apple-pie and common agronomics will not alone breach the clay up mechanically, but let in air, damp and calefaction all capital in ability those actinic changes all-important to catechumen non- accessible into accessible bulb food.
Long afore the science in the case was discovered, the clay cultivators had abstruse by ascertainment the call of befitting the clay accurately alone about their growing crops. Even the angular and benighted aborigine saw to it that his squaw not alone put a bad angle beneath the acropolis of maize but plied her carapace hoe over it.
Plants charge to breathe. Their roots charge air. You ability as able-bodied apprehend to acquisition the aflush afterglow of beatitude on the wan cheeks of a cotton-mill adolescent bondservant as to apprehend to see the abundant aphotic blooming of advantageous bulb activity in a suffocated garden.
Important as the catechism of air is, that of baptize ranks beside it. You may not see at aboriginal what the bulk of common agronomics has to do with water. But let us stop a moment and attending into it. Yield a band of blotting paper, dip one end in water, and watch the damp run up hill, absorb up through the blotter. The scientists accept labeled that "capillary attraction" the baptize crawls up little airy tubes formed by the arrangement of the blotter. Now yield a agnate piece, cut it across, authority the two cut edges durably together, and try it again. The damp refuses to cantankerous the line: the affiliation has been severed.
In the aforementioned way the baptize stored in the clay afterwards a rain begins at already to escape afresh into the atmosphere. That on the apparent evaporates first, and that which has blood-soaked in begins to absorb in through the clay to the surface. It is abrogation your garden, through the millions of clay tubes, just as absolutely as if you had a two-inch aqueduct and a gasoline engine, pumping it into the approach night and day! Save your garden by endlessly the waste. It is the easiest affair in the apple to do cut the aqueduct in two. By common agronomics of the apparent clay not added than one or two inches abysmal for a lot of baby vegetables the clay tubes are kept broken, and a admixture of dust is maintained. Try to get over every allotment of your garden, abnormally area it is not shaded, already in every ten canicule or two weeks.
Having accustomed so abundant amplitude to the acumen for connected affliction in this matter, the catechism of methods by itself follows. Get a caster hoe. The simplest sorts will not alone save you an absolute bulk of time and work, but do the plan better, actual abundant bigger than it can be done by hand. You can abound acceptable vegetables, abnormally if your garden is a actual baby one, afterwards one of these labor-savers, but I can assure you that you will never affliction the baby investment all-important to annex it.
With a caster hoe, the plan of attention the clay admixture becomes actual simple. If one has not a caster hoe, for baby areas actual accelerated plan can be done with the affray hoe.
The bulk of befitting weeds bankrupt out of the rows and amid the plants in the rows is not so bound accomplished. Area hand-work is necessary, let it be done at once.
Here are a few applied suggestions that will abate this plan to a minimum,
The operation of "hilling" consists in cartoon up the clay about the stems of growing plants, usually at the time of added or third hoeing. It acclimated to be the convenance to acropolis aggregate that could be hilled "up to the eyebrows," but it has gradually been alone for what is termed "level culture"; and you will readily see the reason, from what has been said about the escape of damp from the apparent of the soil; for of advance the two high abandon of the hill, which may be represented by an boxlike triangle with one ancillary horizontal, accord added apparent apparent than the akin apparent represented by the base. In wet soils or seasons hilling may be advisable, but actual hardly otherwise. It has the added disadvantage of authoritative it difficult to advance the clay admixture which is so desirable.
Rotation of crops.
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Here are the axiological rules of crop rotation:
(1) Crops of the aforementioned vegetable, or vegetables of the aforementioned ancestors (such as turnips and cabbage) should not chase anniversary other.
(2) Vegetables that augment abreast the surface, like corn, should chase deep-rooting crops.
(3) Vines or blade crops should chase basis crops.
(4) Quick-growing crops should chase those application the acreage all season.
These are the attempt which should actuate the rotations to be followed in alone cases. The able way to appear to this bulk is if authoritative the burying plan. You will again accept time to do it properly, and will charge to accord it no added anticipation for a year.
With the aloft suggestions in mind, and put to use , it will not be difficult to accord the crops those appropriate attentions which are bare to accomplish them do their actual best.
The purposes of agronomics are three to get rid of weeds, and to activate advance by
- (1) absolution air into the clay and absolution bare bulb food, and
- (2) by attention moisture.
As to weeds, the agriculturalist of any acquaintance charge not be told the accent of befitting his crops clean. He has abstruse from absinthian and cher acquaintance the bulk of absolution them get annihilation akin a start.
He knows that one or two days' growth, afterwards they are able-bodied up, followed conceivably by a day or so of rain, may calmly bifold or acute the plan of charwoman a application of onions or carrots, and that area weeds accept able any admeasurement they cannot be taken out of sowed crops afterwards accomplishing a abundant accord of injury. He aswell realizes, or should, that every day's advance agency just so abundant accessible bulb aliment baseborn from beneath the actual roots of his accepted crops.
Instead of absolution the weeds get abroad with any bulb food, he should be capacity more, for apple-pie and common agronomics will not alone breach the clay up mechanically, but let in air, damp and calefaction all capital in ability those actinic changes all-important to catechumen non- accessible into accessible bulb food.
Long afore the science in the case was discovered, the clay cultivators had abstruse by ascertainment the call of befitting the clay accurately alone about their growing crops. Even the angular and benighted aborigine saw to it that his squaw not alone put a bad angle beneath the acropolis of maize but plied her carapace hoe over it.
Plants charge to breathe. Their roots charge air. You ability as able-bodied apprehend to acquisition the aflush afterglow of beatitude on the wan cheeks of a cotton-mill adolescent bondservant as to apprehend to see the abundant aphotic blooming of advantageous bulb activity in a suffocated garden.
Important as the catechism of air is, that of baptize ranks beside it. You may not see at aboriginal what the bulk of common agronomics has to do with water. But let us stop a moment and attending into it. Yield a band of blotting paper, dip one end in water, and watch the damp run up hill, absorb up through the blotter. The scientists accept labeled that "capillary attraction" the baptize crawls up little airy tubes formed by the arrangement of the blotter. Now yield a agnate piece, cut it across, authority the two cut edges durably together, and try it again. The damp refuses to cantankerous the line: the affiliation has been severed.
In the aforementioned way the baptize stored in the clay afterwards a rain begins at already to escape afresh into the atmosphere. That on the apparent evaporates first, and that which has blood-soaked in begins to absorb in through the clay to the surface. It is abrogation your garden, through the millions of clay tubes, just as absolutely as if you had a two-inch aqueduct and a gasoline engine, pumping it into the approach night and day! Save your garden by endlessly the waste. It is the easiest affair in the apple to do cut the aqueduct in two. By common agronomics of the apparent clay not added than one or two inches abysmal for a lot of baby vegetables the clay tubes are kept broken, and a admixture of dust is maintained. Try to get over every allotment of your garden, abnormally area it is not shaded, already in every ten canicule or two weeks.
Does that assume like too abundant work? You can advance your caster hoe through, and appropriately accumulate the dust admixture as a connected protection, as fast as you can walk. If you delay for the weeds, you will about accept to clamber through, accomplishing added or beneath abuse by advancing your growing plants, accident all the bulb aliment (and they will yield the cream) which they accept consumed, and in fact putting in added hours of always added bellicose work. If the abecedarian at agronomical has not been assertive by the facts given, there is alone one affair larboard to argue him experience.
Having accustomed so abundant amplitude to the acumen for connected affliction in this matter, the catechism of methods by itself follows. Get a caster hoe. The simplest sorts will not alone save you an absolute bulk of time and work, but do the plan better, actual abundant bigger than it can be done by hand. You can abound acceptable vegetables, abnormally if your garden is a actual baby one, afterwards one of these labor-savers, but I can assure you that you will never affliction the baby investment all-important to annex it.
With a caster hoe, the plan of attention the clay admixture becomes actual simple. If one has not a caster hoe, for baby areas actual accelerated plan can be done with the affray hoe.
The bulk of befitting weeds bankrupt out of the rows and amid the plants in the rows is not so bound accomplished. Area hand-work is necessary, let it be done at once.
Here are a few applied suggestions that will abate this plan to a minimum,
- (1) Get at this plan while the arena is soft; as anon as the clay begins to dry out afterwards a rain is the best time. Beneath such altitude the weeds will cull out by the roots, afterwards breaking off.
- (2) Immediately afore weeding, go over the rows with a caster hoe, acid shallow, but just as abutting as possible, abrogation a narrow, audibly arresting band which accept to be hand- weeded. The best apparatus for this purpose is the bifold caster hoe with disc attachment, or hoes for ample plants.
- (3) See to it that not alone the weeds are pulled but that every inch of clay apparent is torn up. It is absolutely as important that the weeds just beginning be destroyed, as that the beyond ones be pulled up. One achievement of the weeder or the fingers will abort a hundred edger seedlings in beneath time than one edger can be pulled out afterwards it gets a acceptable start.
- (4) Use one of the baby hand-weeders until you become accomplished with it. Not alone may added plan be done but the fingers will be adored accidental wear.
- The accomplished use of the caster hoe can be acquired through convenance only. The aboriginal affair to apprentice is that it is all-important to watch the auto only: the blades, disc or rakes will yield affliction of themselves.
The operation of "hilling" consists in cartoon up the clay about the stems of growing plants, usually at the time of added or third hoeing. It acclimated to be the convenance to acropolis aggregate that could be hilled "up to the eyebrows," but it has gradually been alone for what is termed "level culture"; and you will readily see the reason, from what has been said about the escape of damp from the apparent of the soil; for of advance the two high abandon of the hill, which may be represented by an boxlike triangle with one ancillary horizontal, accord added apparent apparent than the akin apparent represented by the base. In wet soils or seasons hilling may be advisable, but actual hardly otherwise. It has the added disadvantage of authoritative it difficult to advance the clay admixture which is so desirable.
Rotation of crops.
------------------
There is addition affair to be advised in authoritative anniversary vegetable do its best, and that is crop rotation, or the afterward of any vegetable with a altered array at the next planting.
With some vegetables, such as cabbage, this is about imperative, and about all are helped by it. Even onions, which are bargain declared to be the proving barring to the rule, are healthier, and do as able-bodied afterwards some added crop, provided the clay is as cautiously burst and affluent as a antecedent crop of onions would leave it.
Here are the axiological rules of crop rotation:
(1) Crops of the aforementioned vegetable, or vegetables of the aforementioned ancestors (such as turnips and cabbage) should not chase anniversary other.
(2) Vegetables that augment abreast the surface, like corn, should chase deep-rooting crops.
(3) Vines or blade crops should chase basis crops.
(4) Quick-growing crops should chase those application the acreage all season.
These are the attempt which should actuate the rotations to be followed in alone cases. The able way to appear to this bulk is if authoritative the burying plan. You will again accept time to do it properly, and will charge to accord it no added anticipation for a year.
With the aloft suggestions in mind, and put to use , it will not be difficult to accord the crops those appropriate attentions which are bare to accomplish them do their actual best.
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